Feed-screw gage.



N. D. CHARD.

FEED SCREW GAGE. PPucATloN FILED Nov. r3, 1916.

1am-m my 31,1917.

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N. Q.CHARD. FEED SCREW GAGE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. I3. 1916- Patend July 31, 1917.

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///4///////// IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII' NICHOLAS n. Orman, or NEWCSTLE, INDIANA.

FEED-SCREW GAGE.

Speeication of Letters Patent.

Patented July 31, 1917.

Application led November 13, 1916. Serial No. 131,103.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, NICHOLAS D. CHARD, a citizen of the United States,residing at Newcastle, Henry county, and State of Indiana, have inventedand discovered certain new and useful Improvements in Feed"- ScrewGages, of which the following is a specification.

'My invention relates to feed-screw gages and its object is to providemeans whereby a feeding screw may be adjusted rapidly to the desiredposition to set a cutter or other operating tool to the desired diameterof work to be formed or depth of Vcut to be eil'ected and to enable suchoperation to be carried out without calculation upon the part of theoperator and by means of a gaging mechanism .which renders possible avery fine degree of adjustmentot the feed screw. The invention alsocontemplates means associated with the gage for permitting the feedscrew to be operated to withdraw the same from the work withoutdisturbing the previous `adjustment of the gage andpermitting the feedscrew to be turned back to such previously Vfixed posi-Y tionwithoutresetting the gage. The 1nvention also contemplates theVprovision of stops to enable the gage to beset in advance of the cuttingoperation toa number of varying diameters as, for instance, to theshoulders of a stepped shaft, and the feed screw to be adjustedsuccessively to the different diameters by merely turning-the screw tothe respective stops without re-setting the gage.

The invention is particularly designed for use in connection withlathes, milling machines and planers.

When used in connection with lathes, it may be applied either to theoperating screw for the .toolfcarrying cross slide or to the lead screwor both. When used inconnection with the lead screw, the adjustable dogsare the means employed, and some form of automatic trip mechanism ofusual construction may be employed in connection therewith. VTheparticular embodiment' of the invention illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings shows the device applied tothe screw o-the cross slide of la)lathe.

With the above objects in view, my invention is embodied in preferableform in the construction, arrangement and combination of partshereinafter described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In these drawings, Figure lisa top plan:

view of the gaging mechanism showing the same applied to a cross slidescrew.; Fig. 2, a vertical central section; Fig. 3, a detail plan of thestop for the gage ring; Fig. 4, a front end view in elevation partlybroken away showing the reduction gears and Fig. 5, a section on theline 5 5 of Fig. l.

VReferring to the drawings, l indicates the screw to be rotated for thepurpose of adjusting a slide or other device carrying a tool or othermember to a desired diameter of work to be turned or determining thedepth of cut of the cutting l.tool for any other purpose, the slide orother supporting means and the tool adapted to be carried thereby in anysuch'arrangement not being herein shown.-

The screw is journaled in a sleeve 2 fixed on the carriage of themachine and keyed to said screw is a rotatable operating handle'. Fixedto the sleeve near the outer end thereof is a disk 4 having a peripheralsurface 5 which carries a central fixed gage mark 6. A collar 7 projectsfrom theI inner face of this disk and on such collar is rotatablymounted a gage ring 8 provided with numbered indications forming a scalewhich is graduated in thousandths of an inch, such scale being arrangedaround the periphery of the member 8, in graduations from 0 toV 1000.This rotatable ring 8 is provided with a knurled surface 9 whereby itmay vbe readily turned by hand to set any one of the graduations on thescale opposite the mark 6 formed on the periphery of the'disk 5.

On a plain surfaced collar 10 of the screw memberl is mounted looselyand rotatably the hub of a disk 11 adapted to constitute a gagering-actuating and coupling member `between said scale-carrying memberand the gear mechanism operated by the rotation of the screw whereby thering 8 may be turned to an indicating position corresponding to thedistance the member controlled by the Lesa-eer disk 11 is normallydisconnected from the scale ring and is connected to the screw through atrain of reduction gears whereby two and one-half revolutions of thescrew will produce one revolution of the ring. Although the particularratio vof the gears herein shown is two and one-half to one, such ratiomay be altered if desired and preferably a ratio of tive to one isemployed. The ratio is such that the true diameter or distance to whichthe screw controlled mem ber is adjusted is registered by the scalering.

rThe compounding or reduction gear mechanism includes a gear wheel l2fixed on the shaft of the screw 1 and engaging a smaller gear 13 mountedloosely on a stulj shaft which carries a small gear 14 adapted to engagethe large gear 15 fixed on the hub of the coupling and actuating ring11.-

The coupling dish or ring 11 carries a pin 1G projecting axially throughthe disk and provided near its inner end with a peripheral dat slot 17which engages an annular shoulder 18 formed on the gage scale ring' 8and this pin is adapted to be clamped against the edge of said shoulderto lock the members S and 11 together or to be loosened from suchengagement to permit said parts to rotate separately. The lockingengagement of the pin with the flange is eected by means ot' a clampingnut 19 engaging threads on the outer end of the pin;

The ring 8 is provided on its outer face with a groove 2O in which ismounted to roll freely a ball 21, this ball being also adapted to lit inacomplementary groove 22 formed in the outer coupling ring 11. Axialpins 23 and 24 spaced apart axially project from the members 8 and 11respectively andA `are located inside the grooves and adapted toalternately Contact with said ball, so as to carry the same around untilthe ball strikes the' opposing pin whereupon saidtwo members will bemoved together. This arrangement permits a limited movement of the twomembers a distance equal`l to two revolutions of one of the partsrelative to the other.`

These pins serve as stop members to enable the two rings to be moved inproper relation and to enable the coupling ring to be reset against thefrage ring after the screw 'controlled membenhas been fixed in'positionand after any separatev movement of the coupling ring, such as inretracting the' screw, without changing the diameter.

To assist in rapidly gaglng the diameter or depth of cut, a gross orlarge graduationfinder is provided in connection with the inj dicatingscale on the member 8' and this device is mounted Vin the sleeve of .thescrevif` and consists of a rotating scale-carryingdisl: 25 provided`with inch graduations which are adapted to register with a marit 26on'the sleeve. yThis graduated dial is detachably mounted on a gear 27adapted to mesh with a gear 28 carried by a sleeve 29-on which is hireda worm 30 adapted to mesh with a worm screw 81 carried by the shaft onthe main feed screw 1 whereby as the reed screw is turned a certainnumber of revolutions, the graduated scale disk will be turnedcorrespondingly to indicate in inches the extent to which the screwcontrolled member has been moved forward'. This gross graduation scalemerely serves as a convenient means for quickly approximating thediameter to be cut in inches, the exact diameter in thousandtlis of aninch, however, being obtained by the adjustmentv to the scale on thering 8. 'lhe dial bears graduations from O to 9 and is adapted to beturned one revolution while the screw is making ten revolutions.' f

v The scale ring 8 is lprovided with a series or ll blocks 32constituting dogs and having tongues fitting in a zlslot in said ringand means of set screws 33. AThese dogs are adapted to be engaged by asliding stop 34C carried on-a slotted bracket 35 rising Jfrom the sleeveof the feed screw and which stop is adapted to be slid in and out of theline of the scale ring dogs by means of a screw pin 36. Thepbject ofthis latter arrangement is to provide means by which the gage may beset-in advance to dierent diameters, for instance, to the varying sizesof a shoul-A dered or stepped shaft, whereby aftgr one diameter has beenout the screw may be turned successively to the dogs determining theother diameters without re-setting the gage. This is accomplished byixing sep-I arate dogs 32 at the different graduations cor-responding tothe diderent diameters. -Or in such use of the device the graduationsmay be dispensed with and the diderent diameters of the worlrobtained bycaliper-l ing and setting the dogs accordingly.

In the gage ring 8 is a screw 37' adapted to bear against a loose pin38, the inner end or which bears against the surface of the i facilitatethe rapidity of the registry ofthe aduations with the notch 6.' The dial25 of the large scale finder is made separate from its gear 27; and isclamped :thereto by a screw 39. lB'y this arrangement the dial may beloosened to set itat Zero after the diameter of the work has beenpredetermined or "at the graduation corresponding. to the initialdiameter be out when such is directly determined.

The operation of the vdevice is asv follows c As heretofore stated, theinvention may be applied not only to lathes, including the severalfeeding or adjusting screws thereof, but also to othery machine tools.Assuming that it is applied to the toolcarrying cross-slide of a latheand that the tool is to be adjusted to cut threads on a screw, the toolisrxed in thcaholder and in the event that the lathe is to be set tobegin operation originally without any previous adjustment, the tool isset against the work and the rings 8 and 11 relatively rotated until thepins 23 and 24C are carried into contact with .the ball'm21,thuslocating the ring 8 to the circle of movement of the coupling memberand screw. The dial 25 and the scale ring 8 are then set at zero. Thenthe frictionally clamping screw 37 is tightened so as to clamp the ring8 to its supporting collar. After a cut has been made, it is necessaryto retract the tool to take the next cut and this is e'ifectedby turningback the screw handle which will rotate the ring 11A back freely, andthen when the tool is to lbe brought upeto position again, the ring 11is turned forward 'until its pin 24 carries the ball 21 against the pin23, thus stopping the ring 11 and the tool at the previous adjustment.To obtaina deeper cut of the thread, the handlc is turned still furtherforward to carry the pin of the ring 11 against the ball with suiiicientpressure to turn the scale ring tothe next graduation desired, thescrewr371 and pin 38 serving as a friction drag to retard the movementof the scale ring and thus enable the graduation to be broughtaccurately opposite the notch. These retracting and adjusting movementsare continued until the thread has reached its final depth.

In thus chasing the thread on a screw,

the indications on the screw merely register the-depth of a cut andindicate only the movement of the tool relativeto a lixed point, and donot denote the'actual diameter ordiameters of the work.

In duplicating diameters for successive pieces of cylindrical work, itis necessary to iirst obtain the initial diameter, which ispreferablydone by calipering the work and setting the Adial and ,scalering independently of the same to the indications of `the diameter sodetermined, or an initial diameter may be (obtained by moving the toolagainst the tail stock spindle or center which are of lmown diametersand adjusting the dial and scale ring separately from the screwto'indicate such diameter.

Then thescrew 37 is, xed in position, the pins 23 and 24 having beenbrought in 1ontact with the.. ball 21, whereby the relative rotativepositions of the rings 8 and 11 are determined.' Then the diameter to becut is determined by turning the screw and through it rotating the gagemembers-until the indications denoting such diameters are broughtopposite the fixed notches. The screw is retracted and re-positioned inthe same manner as described in connection with the thread chasingoperation; the pins 23 and 24 permitting the free vbackward movement ofthe ring 11 through two andone half revolutions and serving to 'stopsaid ring and the screw at the previously adjusted position' when turnedj forward again. I v,

To'adjust the gage to turn another series of pieces of work of adifferent vdiameter from the rst series, .the ring 8 is turned to f thenew graduationV by the 'screw handle,

.the adjustment.

In cutting a piece of workhaving several different diameters, as ashouldered or. ,stepped shaft, it is advantageous to set the gage memberfor all the diameters before beginning the cut. In this adjustment,assuming that an initial diameter has been determined, the screw 37 isloosened and the ring 8 clamped to the ring 11 by tighteningv the nut 19and then the screw handle turned to rotate the ring 11 which through theclamping pin 18 will rotate the scale ring until the desired graduationis brought opposite the notch 6. Thereupon the slide stop 34 is movedinto the line of the dogs 32 and one Vof such dogs moved against thestop and clamped to the ring '8 thus providing a gage stop for the firstdiameter.

Then the stop 34 is withdrawn, the ring set to the graduation indicatingthe next diameter, and another dog 32 clamped in place against the stop34, and so on until all the and rings 8 and 11 moved in unison throughthe clamping means 18 and 19 to carry the first dog past the stop andthe next dogl into contact therewith.

If that part ofthe invention for gag'- ing in vadvance several dilferentdiameters of the same piece of work be used alone, it

is possible to dispense with the graduations on the scale ring and,obtain the various4 diameters by,k calipering and then set the dogsagainst the stops to the various diameters thus obtained. A

In all the adjustments of the screw and gage, when the screw handle isturned, the reduction gears '12,13%14 and 15 will be rotatedso as toturn the rings 8 and 11 in an exact ratio Vto the distance the tool iscaused to traverse by the screw, thus registering the. true, depth ofcut in chasing threads on a 'screw or the true diameter in turning workor the true longitudinal dis-I ico asentar which there must`tie-continual successive advances and retractions oi the tool to eectcuts ot diderent depth and to withdraw the tool clearl ci the threadinvl making such cuts, the free contact pins 23 and 24 and ball i 2l areemployed. tor relativelylocating the rings 8 and il, and edectingthe'movement ci the former by the latter, in conjunction with the`clamping and retarding set screw 37.'

in turning successively diderent diameters, the connection between thegagering on one ,hand and coupling member and screw on the other, isobtained by the nut 19 and pin 18,'and theposition establishing tunctionis edected by the dogs 32 and stop 3d, the screw 37 being leiit loose.

lt is, however, possible to use the pinsv 23 and 24 and ball 2l.,instead of the clanap` ing nut i9, in conjunctionwith the dogs and stop,for adjusting to ,diderent diamelters, but such method is not asdesirable.

lin all uses-ot the device herein shown it will be seen that there 'areprovided in conjunction with the screw, a gaging member and gearmechanism and connecting means between the screw and gaging member,

adapted to move the two inuniso'n in suchv 'proportion that the truelongitudinal movenient ot the member ted by the screw will beautomatically reproduced in the relative rotary movement of the gagingmember and screw and means tor determining the position to which thegagingl member may y be turned to measure the extent ci adjustment ofthe screw,l such position-determining means consisting either of thegraduation and notch and set screw, or the dogs and stop. v

ln respect to the feature ci the :tree con-l tact gage-locating andretraction-permitting means consisting ot theball 21 andpins 23 and 2d,in combination with the clamping member 37, however, it is clear thatsuch combination may be used to advantage on a Y feed screw providedwith the ordinary scale and in which the reduction gear mechanism c forregistering the true traverse ont the screw controlled member is notused.

' 'lhe reduction gears *whereby the gage ring is turned a less numberotrevolutions. than the screw permits the circumference e of the ringto* contain the coinplete graduations corresponding to the thousandthsoi an inch and registering the true distance traversed by the toolcarrying `membein Such reduction gears thus render it unnecessaryztoprovide va very largerin'g such as would/'be impracticable in'nse butwhich wouldfhave to be supplied tor the purpose cifcarrying all thenecessary graduations it the ring merely turned one revolution always belmade by the operator to determine the depth of the cut. The .reductiongears, therefore, enable the device to be sucf cessively set to a numberof cuts or diameters without losing the lirst adjustment which is verydesirable, and which it is not possible to obtain with the ordinarygraduated ring carried by the screw since in the latter at any completerevolution of the 'ing the previously obtained adjustment is ost. w

The releasable gripping connection lbetween the gage ring and therelatively liXed part'on which. it is mounted, consisting of therictional clamping screw 37 is an extremely important element kfof my'invention since it-enables the screw to be moved to a new adjustmentfrom the initial adjustmentv merely by turning the handle of the screw,the said` rictional gripping means detaining the parts with sudcientforce to enable `stop pin whether 'or not a reduction gearing isemployed.

'Having thus described my invention, what l claim is: i

' l. ln combination with a feeding screw for machine tools, a handle forrotating said screw, a gaging mechanism having operative connection withthe screw and operable bythe rotation of the latter through the handlefollowing the initial setting of the gaging mechanism, to eliect newadjustments of the latter .forcutsot varying depths, said gagingmechanism including means to register the true longitudinal distancetraversed by the screw controlled member.

` 2. ln combinationv with a feeding screw, a gaging mechanism` includinga scale and having means operable to be set to positions indicating thevtrue positions of the screw an extent measured by the adjustment of thegagi'ng member, and a handle connected to the screw. Y Y

3. ln' combination withia feeding screw for machine tools, a gagingmechanism having a 'rotatable member carrying graduations indicatingvthe distance traversed by the member operated by the screw andreductionl gear mechanism between the screw and graduated member a lessnumber of revolutions than the screw and operable to nieve the gagingmechanism in such a ratio tions than the screw and at a ratioproportioned to indicate the new diameter to `which the screw may beadjusted.

5. In combination with a tool feeding screw, a gaging member graduatedto indicate the true distance traversed by the screw controlled member,means for moving said member independently of the screw, a couplingmeinber, reduction gears connecting the screw and said coupling memberand proportioned to turn the latter a less numl ecY ber of revolutionsthan the screw and to produce the proper ratio of movement between saidscrew and coupling member to register the said true distance of traverseproduced bythe screw, and means for causing said coupling member andgaging member to move in unison.

6. In combination with a tool feeding screw, a rotatable gage memberconcentric with the screw andfcarrying a scale and reduction gearmechanism between said screw and said member for rotating the latter aless number of timesthan the screw upon the revolution of the latter.

7. In combination with a tool feeding screw, arotatably adjustablemember concentric with the screw and provided with a scale, a secondrotatable member also concentric with the feed screw and adapted to movethe first member and a reduction gear mechanism between the screw andsaid second member. 8. In combination with a feeding screw, a gagingmember for registering the longitudinal traverse of the membercontrolled by the screw, means of releasable engagement between thegaging member and a relatively. xed part adapted to hold said parts atan adjusted position but permitting the release of the gaging memberunder pressure, and means between the said member and the screw to limitthe movement of the screw relative to said gage member and per-y mit thelatter Ato turn under pressure applied from the screw, said means beingoperable to permit theretraction of the screw independently of the gagemember.A

9. In combination with'a feeding screw, a rotatable graduated gagingmember, means of releasable engagement between said memberand arelatively fixed part carrying a registration mark, whereby the ring maybe held in position with a' desired graduaviously adjusted position when'ward again. y

13. In combination with a feeding screw,

tion opposite said mark but may be advanced to new adjustments bypressure thereon sufiicient to release said engagement, contact meansoperatively intermediate the said screw'andfsaid gaging member to effectthe checking of the screw movement and to permit the advancement of thegaging member under pressure in the further turning of the screw, andmeans to permit the retraction of the screw independently of the gagingmember.

10. In combination with Va feeding screw,

Va rotatable graduating gaging member,

means for frictionally gripping said gaging member to a relatively fixedpart, and means for permitting the retraction of the screw independentlyof the gaging member when the screw is turned in one direction and forstopping the rotative movement of the screw relative to the gagingmember when the screw is turnedin the .other direction.

11. In combination witha feeding screw, a rotatable graduated gagingmember, means for frictionally gripping said lgaging member to arelatively fixed part to hold the member set at a desired registeringpoin't,

and to exert a frictional resistance to thel member asit is moved underpressure, free contact stop means operatively intermediate nectionbetween the screw and said gaging member,`for turning the latter by thescrew frictionally gripping detaining means releasable under pressurefor said gaging member,

and means for permitting the retraction ofj the screw independently ofthe gaging member and for stopping the screw at the preturned forarotatable gage member having graduations indicating length of traverseof the screw controlled member, reduction gears.

connecting the screw and gage member operable to impart to the latter amovement proportional to the movement of the screw and frictional meansto detain the gage member land to retard the freeV adjusting movement ofthe same.

14. In combination with a feeding screw,

- a gage ring surrounding the screw and rotatable independently thereofand bearing distance graduations, a frictional retarding and lockingmember, a rotatable coupling ring, means for locating one ringrelatively to the other rotatively, and gear mechanism connecting saidscrew and coupling ring to e? l ineens? produce a movement thereofproportioned to the longitudinal traverse induced by the screw. :if y

15. ln combination with a feeding screw, a rotatable gaging memberbearing graduations, means for ning said member at vanadjusted'graduation, a coupling member intermediate the screw andgagemember and `stop means intermediate the coupling member and gageoperable to limit the rotative movement of the coupling m'femberrelative to the gage member.

16. ln combination with a feeding screw, a rotatable gaging' scale ring,a rotatable coupling and gage ring actuating member operativelyintermediate thescrevv and gaging jring, means to detain the gaging ringin eldjusted position; stop pins projecting oplpositely from said gagingring and coupling` l member spaced apart axially and a movable, sto

sai pins and operable to establish a loose abutting engagement betweensaid ring and .r coupling member.

17. ln combination with a feedin screw a rotatable gage scale r1ng, arotata le cou- Y pling and actuating ring therefor geared to the screw,said gage scale ring having an annular shoulder, a pin projectingthrough said coupling ring and having a slot engaging said shoulder, anda locking member engaging said pin' exteriorly of -the coupling ,ringiand adapted to clamp said pin against said shoulder to lock the tworings together.

18..ln combination with a feeding screw,

a gaging scale 'member proportionally geared K to said screw forindicating in inches longi- 19. ln .combination with a feeding screw,

a rotatable gaging ring ,concentric of the axis oit' said screw forregistering the distance traversedby the screw, controlled member,reduction gearing between the screw iand ring, an adjustabledogcircumferen- 'tially slidable on said ring, a vstop member-x mounted ona relatively fined part and adinstable axially into the path ofsaid'dog,

and meansto lock the screw and ring together.

. 20. ln combination with ay feedingscrew,

' a rotatable gaging ring, means for'adjusting to said gagingring ,to aplurality of positions;

'eating the length o'traverse of the memberu in advance of operationcomprising aseries ci adgustabledogs circumterentially slidable'on saidring and' a stop member mounted on a relatively lined part andprojectgaging mechanism..

member bridging the space between' tudinal traverse of the screwcontrolled p tially relatively to tive adjustments, and a reductiongearA mechanism connecting said screw and said .7 5 22. ln combinationwith a iteeding screw,

'\ a rotatable feed gage member having means for predetermining a otgagingpositions, a rotatableY coupling 'member geared to the screnr andmeans for determining the relative rotavef'positions ot the gage memberand coupling member.` Y

23. ln combination with Vafee screw, a rotatable feed gage member havingiced distance graduations, a series of stop members carried by said gagemember and ad- -justable to diderent gradnam'ons, a idned stop, arotatable coupling and member geared ,to the"V screw, and hee contactengaging means adapte-d to eperavely 9@ connect the coupling memberandpermitnfng the retraction of smd coupling membertvilluout moving thegage member. .Y

2a. ln combination with a feeding screw, a rotatable gaging member, arotatable cou- 1 pling member between the'v screwend gaging member, adog carried by said gaging Y member and. circumferential@ vadgustablerelative to said gaging member, a stop for said dog, and means to clampsaid gaging member and couplingmember together.

25. ln combinaon with a feeding screw, a gaging member rotatableindependently ot the screw, a rotatable coupling member betweenthe'screvv .and g i member, reduction gears connecting sai screw andconpling member, Ya dog carried by said' ga. mg meinberand adjustabletogradnamons thereon, a stop for said dog andI meanslto clamp saidcoupling member and gaging 310' member together- Y' ,i y 26. combinationwith a feeding screw, a gagingmember rotatable independently otthe-screw, a series' of dogs carried by said gaging member. andadjustable circumfe L "'gaging`member to different graduatio ereon, estop for., s ogs, a rotatable bet n saidescrew and member,

and means for clampingtne coupljnglggem. liaoV ber and' g-aging membertogether. 1';

y 2ZI ln' combination afeedingscrew, i a gaging membergotatableindependent-.Ely

of the screw'.: and haning-gradnataons indicontrolled by the scneigmeansfor said gaging member to la oil pcm. tions determining lengths cimirarse,- pre- A 1,235,437 I "7L portonal reductongears operativelyntercounty, Indiana, this 8th day f Novenbe, mediate the screw and gagmgmember and A. D. nineteen hundred and sXteen.- means for locking thegaging member in poston te he turned by the screw connected I NICHOLASCHARD [1" S'] 5 gearing. r l Witnesses: k

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto sei'.A C. NICOLAY,

my hand and seal at Indianapolis, Marion LODGE CHARD.

